Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis; Outline

Outline on Iportant subjects in deoxyribonucleic acid and RNA -

Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

7-1 deoxyribonucleic acid

        Cells know how to how to produce ATP, how to stimulate cilia and centrioles, how

to produce membranes and enzymes.

        A program, or code, in living cells mustiness be able to duplicate itself quickly and

accurately and must alike have a entertains of being decoded and put into effect.

The inheritable Code

        Biologists call the program of the cell the communicable code. The work transmissible refers

to anything that relates to heredity. The genetic code is the way in which cells store

program that they seem to cronk from one generation to another.

Transformation

        When a strain of information is passed to another, it is called transformation.

The Transforming Factor

        DNA is the nucleic acid that stores and transmits the genetic information from

one generation of an organism to the next. DNA carries the genetic code.

Bacteriophages

        Some virusus are known as bacteriophages which mean bacteria eaters.

Bacteriophages are composed of a DNA marrow and a protein coat. They attach themselves

to the surface of a bacterium and accordingly inject a material into the bacterium. Once inside

the bacterium, the injected material begins to reproduce, devising may copies of the

bacteriophage. Soon the bacterium bursts, and several hundred bacteriophages are

released to befoul other cells.



Because the material injected into the bacterium produces

new bacteriophages, it must contain the genetic code.

        

The Structure of DNA

        DNA is a polymer formed from units called stems. Each nucleotide is a

molecule make up of three basic parts: a 5-carbon sugar called deoxyribose, a phosphate

group, and a nitrogenous, or nitrogen-containing, base.

        DNA contains quartette nitrogenous bases. Two of the nitrogenous bases, adenine and

guanine, belonging to a group of compounds known as purines. The remaining...

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