Philosophy

The idea that increased knowledge and human beings improve manpowert go together became fundamental to the Enlightenment . Rousseau not only spurned this idea but proclaimed the opposite , stressing the simplicity of temperament over the man-madeity of society , feeling and faith over mistrust and rationalism , and the freedom of individual genius over breathed and fast aesthetic rules . In Discourse on humanistic discipline and Sciences , Rousseau affirms that sophistication has always led to moral corruption , and argues small-minded tidy and moral value comes from the pursuit of art . mettlesome civilization makes societies become enfeebled sociability makes men br ill-considered to each other and to themselves . This apparent paradox , and the rhetorical long suit with which Rousseau argues it , prompts dozens of refutations . In the course of replying to them , Rousseau comes to think more profoundly about the causes of what he holds to be social corruption The radical of evil is inequality and dependence . Man is naturally good and has only been made bad by social traffic , vanity , and dress Rousseau s expressed the negative human conversion of a positive self-love he called amour de soi into pride , or amour-propre Amour de soi represents the instictive human desire for self-preservation , combined with the human power of reason . In contrast , the unnatural and artificial amour-propre forces man to compare himself to others , thus creating unwarranted fear and allowing men to take pleasure in the pain or failing of others . Neither this distinction between self-preservation and pride , nor the rejection of a malefic supreme as the sole cause of human degradation originated with Rousseau his merely contributed to a wave of ideal started long beforeRejecting apparitional dogma and superstition , thinkers of the Age of Reason applied a new emphasis on empiricism and rationality to their thought , like John Locke who believed in experience laid the event to learning .

Rousseau later applied Locke s to his own creating an influential masterwork , Emile , on proper methods for educating children that included a sensuous natural elevation . With the foundation laid by Descartes , Galileo , Copernicus , the emergence of modern intelligence and the scientific method , the eighteenth one C saw a new approach to human experience and understanding . A wave of change swept across European view , exemplified by the natural and scientific discoveries of Sir Isaac Newton . The publication of his Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica provided a provable and a coherent system of natural law of nature that easily made useful predictions about Nature this glimpse into the cosmic rulebook set the tone of for much of what followed in the century . The idea of uniform laws for natural phenomenon mirrored the greater rationalisation in a variety of studies the Enlightenment saw itself as looking into the mind of God by studying humankind and mining the basic truths of the world . With the concept of scriptural apocalypse becoming superfluous in the Enlightenment , the spirit of verifiable observation encouraged the seventeenth-century natural of Benedictus de Spinoza and his Ethics , which expounded a monistic view of the universe where God and Nature were...If you pauperization to get a full essay, order it on our website: Orderessay

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